Hairy ball problem
http://www.thepromptmag.com/the-hairy-ball-theorem-abstract-math-that-wont-drive-you-nuts/ WebFeb 20, 2024 · In particular, finding an approximate zero of a Hairy Ball vector field on an even-dimensional sphere reduces to a 2-source END-OF-LINE problem. If the domain is changed to be the torus of genus g ≥ 2 instead (where the Hairy Ball Theorem also holds), then the problem reduces to a 2(g-1)-source END-OF-LINE problem.
Hairy ball problem
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A consequence of the hairy ball theorem is that any continuous function that maps an even-dimensional sphere into itself has either a fixed point or a point that maps onto its own antipodal point. This can be seen by transforming the function into a tangential vector field as follows. Let s be the function … See more The hairy ball theorem of algebraic topology (sometimes called the hedgehog theorem in Europe) states that there is no nonvanishing continuous tangent vector field on even-dimensional n-spheres. For the ordinary sphere, or … See more Every zero of a vector field has a (non-zero) "index", and it can be shown that the sum of all of the indices at all of the zeros must be two, because the Euler characteristic of the 2-sphere is two. Therefore, there must be at least one zero. This is a … See more The connection with the Euler characteristic χ suggests the correct generalisation: the 2n-sphere has no non-vanishing vector field for n ≥ 1. The difference between even and odd dimensions is that, because the only nonzero See more • Fixed-point theorem • Intermediate value theorem • Vector fields on spheres See more A common problem in computer graphics is to generate a non-zero vector in R that is orthogonal to a given non-zero vector. There is no single continuous function that can do this for all … See more There is a closely related argument from algebraic topology, using the Lefschetz fixed-point theorem. Since the Betti numbers of … See more The hairy ball theorem has numerous physical exemplifications. For example, rotation of a rigid ball around its fixed axis gives rise to a continuous tangential vector field of … See more
WebFeb 20, 2024 · Abstract: The Hairy Ball Theorem states that every continuous tangent vector field on an even-dimensional sphere must have a zero. We prove that the … WebFeb 28, 2024 · The 3 dimensional analog of this is called the Hairy ball theorem, or as the Europeans say, the Hedgehog theorem, in layman's term which says that if you have a ball with hair sprouting out of ...
WebThe Hairy Ball Problem is PPAD-Complete Paul W. Goldberg1 and Alexandros Hollender 2 1Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford [email protected] 2Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford [email protected] May 6, 2024 Abstract The Hairy Ball Theorem states that every continuous tangent … WebThe Hairy Ball Problem is PPAD-Complete Paul W Goldberg, Alexandros Hollender Mathematics ICALP 2024 17 Highly Influenced PDF View 5 excerpts, cites methods and background Fixed points of rotations of n-sphere N. Prabhu Mathematics, Physics 1999 We show that every rotation of an even-dimensional sphere must have a fixed point. 4 Highly …
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